Essay on Hamlets Problem - 629 Words

Hamlets Problem In the play Hamlet, Hamlet is described as daring, brave, loyal, and intelligent, but he is consumed by his own thoughts. Hamletamp;#8217;s inability to act on his fatheramp;#8217;s murder, his motheramp;#8217;s marriage, and his uncle assuming of the thrown are all evidence that Hamlet doesnamp;#8217;t know what is going on in his own life. amp;#8220;Revenge his foul and most unnatural murder,; demands the ghost in (Act I, Scene 5, line 23). The fact that his own uncle could kill his father leaves Hamlet crazy and confused. Although Hamlet knows something is wrong in Denmark, he begins to question everything that the ghost has told him. When something is needed to be done, Hamlet is to busy thinking about his†¦show more content†¦They push Hamlet to accept his fatheramp;#8217;s death and move on with his life. While Hamlet should admit his hatred of their marriage, he hides his feeling. While Hamlet is holding back his feelings, he becomes more angered at their attempts to calm him. Gertrude is also aware of Hamletamp;#8217;s feelings for Ophelia and uses this as an excuse for Hamletamp;#8217;s actions. Hamlet has plenty of time to confess the cause of his madness. Unfortunately, Hamlet allows his mother to think he is madly in love rather than tell the truth. After Hamlet delivers his play and sees guilt in hi s uncle, Gertrude sends for Hamlet. Instead of hurting his mother, he insists on her to tell him the truth. If Hamlet wouldnamp;#8217;t have taken so long, her confession could have taken place earlier in the play. This could save him from a great deal of pain and leave his thoughts for other problems. Hamletamp;#8217;s biggest obstacle in getting even with his fatheramp;#8217;s murder is Claudius being crowned king. With Claudius being in such a powerful position, Hamlet has to be careful with what he does. Hamlet not only has to kill his fatheramp;#8217;s murderer, but the king as well. The church was against the wedding from the start and would side with Hamlet. Instead of Hamlet disapproving his motheramp;#8217;s wedding and the crowning of his uncle, he was silent. During the play, Claudius yells, quot;Give me some light. Awayquot; and Hamlet was sureShow MoreRelatedThe Problem with â€Å"Hamlet and His Problems†1862 Words   |  8 Pagesperformed on stage. One of the most famous of Shakespeare’s plays is the tragedy of â€Å"Hamlet†. Most people would read â€Å"Hamlet† and come to the conclusion that Shakespeare is a playwright mastermind, however, there are a few that would call it a disaster. One of these few people is T. S. Eliot, who wrote an essay called â€Å"Hamlet and his Problems† in which he verbally attacks Shakespeare and claims that the storyline of â€Å"Hamlet† is more mixed up than the character himself. He firmly believes that becauseRead MoreProblems in the Revenge Tragedy: William Shakespeares Hamlet2646 Words   |  11 Pages Shakespeares Hamlet presents the generic elem ents found in Renaissance revenge tragedies (Revenge Tragedy). However, although Hamlet is a revenge tragedy by definition, Shakespeare complicates the basic revenge plot by creating three revenge plots out of one. By adding significant innovations, Shakespeare creates three concentric rings of revenge (Frye 90), depicting an indecisive protagonist who is an intellectual rather than a physical hero, an ambiguous ghost, and several problematic aspectsRead MoreHamlet Problem Essay887 Words   |  4 PagesThe Tragedy of Hamlet, Prince of Denmark: Why did Gertrude Marry Claudius? Claudius classified his marriage to Gertrude as an equal scale weighing delight and dole (1.2.12). However, the audience of William Shakespeares play, The Tragedy of Hamlet, Prince of Denmark, has a hard time comprehending exactly what drove Gertrude to her hasty marriage a mere two months after the death of her husband. Character analysis along with evidence taken from the play makes the answer obvious. GertrudeRead More Hamlets Hesitation as his Tragic Flaw in Hamlet by Shakespeare797 Words   |  4 PagesHesitation as his Tragic Flaw in Hamlet by Shakespeare In the play Hamlet, Hamlet is described as daring, brave, loyal, and intelligent. However, he is always consumed by his own thoughts, this being his tragic flaw. There are numerous times Hamlet does not act when he should, like his inability to act on his fathers murder, his mothers marriage, and his uncles assuming of the throne. Revenge his foul and most unnatural murder, says the ghost of Hamlet. The fact that his own uncleRead MoreHamlet, By William Shakespeare996 Words   |  4 PagesHamlet, written by William Shakespeare, with out a doubt holds the most famous soliloquy in English history spoken by Hamlet in Act III, scene i, lines 57-90. This soliloquy holds much importance to the play as a whole because it ties together the reoccurring themes of suicide and Hamlet’s inaction portrayed by Shakespeare. Hamlet poses a problem, which is the driving force of the play: â€Å"To be or not to be?†(III.i.57). Shakespeare uses this logical question asked by Hamlet to drive out his underlyingRead MoreClaudius Character Analysis858 Words   |  4 PagesWilliam Shakespeare wrote Hamlet, one of the most popular plays ever written. Claudius causes a war between passion and responsibility when he murders the father of Hamlet, the main character, and then marries Hamlets mother Gertrude. Claud ius killed Hamlets father and then married Gertrude only so he could take the crown and become King. Claudius put passion in front of his responsibilities as Hamlets uncle and as a result of Claudius’ actions, Hamlet is forced to find revenge on him for theRead MoreEssay about Indecisiveness in Hamlet839 Words   |  4 PagesShakespeares Hamlet is truly a great play to analyze. It is also unique in that a play based on revenge we dont see any action until the end. Hamlet has immediate suspicion and proof of his fathers murder and does not act. This poses the question, why does it take so long for Hamlet to kill Claudius? Hamlets apparent indecisiveness to act is due to his constant habit of over thinking in addition to several conscious and subconscious distractions. Immediately following Hamlets conversationRead MoreHamlet and His Delay in Seeking Revenge Against Claudius Essay1333 Words   |  6 PagesSawyer English 102:002 Professor Hayes November 11, 2011 Hamlets Delay In William Shakespeare, Hamlet, the ghost speaks to Hamlet, claiming to be his father’s spirit. Hamlet is shocked at the revelation that his father has been murdered, and the ghost tells him that as he slept in his garden, a villain poured poison into his ear, the villain who now wears his crown, Claudius. The ghost urges Hamlet to seek revenge, telling him that Claudius has corrupted Denmark and Gertrude, taken her from theRead MoreA Common Theme Of Shakespeare s Hamlet1573 Words   |  7 Pageswhich theme varies from play to play. In Hamlet specifically, Shakespeare establishes a much larger emphasis on thoughts rather than actions. Shakespeare places a great amount of thought into the protagonist, Hamlet. Throughout this tragedy, the reader sees Hamlet as a more thought-provoking character that spends large amounts of time thinking about problems rather than trying to fix them, often putting them off. An example of this is when Hamlet first learns about his father s murdererRead More Hamlet Essay1107 Words   |  5 Pages Perhaps the most famous soliloquy in literature, these words reflect the state of desperation in which Hamlet, the Prince of Denmark, finds himself as he contemplates suicide. His father, the King, has died. His mother, the Queen, has remarried within a month of the Kings passing, an act which has disturbed young Hamlet in and of it. To make it worse, she has married the Kings brother, Hamlets uncle, who is now the King of Denmark. As Hamlets despair deepens, he learns through the appearance

Should the Animals Be Used for Scientific Research

Abstract This research paper discusses the opposition side of my chosen topic â€Å"Should the animals be used for scientific research†. It will evidently elucidate why it is malicious for the animals to be used as scientific research. Animals cannot be compared to humans when it comes to finding out what product or drug is competent for human to use, because animals and humans have different hormones. It is also been proven with the drug thalidomide, that even though it has been tested on thousands of animals it was not a good alternative for human choose. Should the animals be used for scientific research? According to American Anti-Vivisection Society 100 million animals are used every year in the United States as models in biological†¦show more content†¦Animals react differently than humans to many substances, rendering many tests pointless. Some drugs have had to be withdrawn, despite testing, so therefore I honestly don’t think animal testing is relevant. Instead of using these poor animals for researches, scientist and researchers should use computer model, syntactic skin and leaves as a better alternative. According to Natasha Bantwal, one of the most famous examples when it comes to danger of animals experimentation would have to be the thalidomide tragedy of the 60’s and 70’s (Bantwal 2010). I did a little research on the drug thalidomide, and found out that it was tested on thousands, and thousands of animals and was to be an a amazing sedative for breastfeeding and will allegedly caused no harm to either the mother nor the child, but come to find out thousands of children whose mothers had used thalidomide were born with severe deformities. Another good example of the dangers of animal testing is Clioquinol, which was also supposed to be safely tested on animals and later on had a severely adverse impact on humans. Manufactures in the 70’s in Japan, it was marketed as a wonder drug for providing relief from diarrhea. Not only did it not work on humans, but it even cause diarrhea in them! As a result of this drug being administered to the public, thousands of cases of paralysis and blindness and thousands of death cases occurred all over. The main ethical argument against animalShow MoreRelatedEssay on Should Animals Be Used for Scientific Research?2350 Words   |  10 PagesShould Animals be used for Scientific Research? Kari Lundquist Composition II Susan Cochran February 11th, 2012 Abstract Animal research is needed for many uses for our scientists. Should animals be used for scientific research? We do need to make sure that their rights are accepted, that they are not in pain for the experiment, and that they are cared for prior and after the research. There are many advantages to why animals should be used for scientific research. The evidence and theirRead MoreImportance Of Animal Testing1726 Words   |  7 PagesAnimal testing: Is it necessary? People take medicine, and they wear makeup. Most people own one or two or maybe more pets. Some people love their pets as if they were their own children. Pets are loved and taken care of. They are rescued and adopted. But do people know that they are treated the opposite in a laboratory? It is estimated that every year, 26 million animals are used for scientific and commercial testing in the United States. There are many reasons animals are used for testing. SomeRead MoreHow Could One Not Feel Guilty When Looking Into A Test937 Words   |  4 Pageshave endured? Over 75-100 million animals are used for scientific and medical research per year. (Baumans) Animals should not be used for scientific and medical research because it is unethical, humans and animals are not genetically identical resulting in failed tests, and there are other techniques to conduct research. â€Å"Killing by carbon dioxide asphyxiation, neck-breaking, decapitation, and other means† (qtd. ProCon) are all results of what happens to the animals after they have fulfilled theirRead MoreAnimal Testing Should Not Be Banned1278 Words   |  6 PagesAnimal testing or animal experimentation is the use of non-human species such as animals, in experiments to test the affect of controlled variables on the subjects behaviour or physical appearance. The use of animal testing in science is a controversial issue that has divided the public for many centuries; between immense passion and emotion from those opposing the practice, and those that preach its integral part in the advancement of science. The divide in the topic is between the scientific communityRead MoreEssay on Animal Research Bill655 Words   |  3 Pages Animal Testing Bill Section One: This bill will set rules to any make-up company creating cosmetic products for humans. Companies who create the make-up must have the product tested on animals before testing on humans. Section Two: Congress hereby finds and declares that cosmetics has been flawed because of it’s lack of sufficient research. In order to fulfill an efficient research (synonym), cosmetic companies should undergo animal testing. Products created by the company should firstRead MoreIs Ethical Ethics Used Animals For Scientific Research?1403 Words   |  6 PagesKylee Roberts 8th grade Mrs.King April 26, 2016 Is it ethical to use animals for scientific research? When cosmetics and diseases popped up scientists didn’t want to test cures on humans, so they test cures and cosmetics on animals. At first it was little things that weren’t a problem, then they went too far. Animals are starved, shocked, burned, and poisoned as scientists look for something that just might yield some human benefit. In one case, baby mice had their legs chopped off soRead MoreEssay about Animal Rights1553 Words   |  7 Pagesissue of animal experimentation is a widely debated topic in the United States. A fundamental question of this debate is whether the functions of animal testing and research are morally and ethically justified. In the viewpoint of the pro-research community, animal testing is a necessary practice. They support this position by stating that humans, instinctually, prioritize their own survival above other animals thus making any use of animals justifiable (Fox 5). The supporters of animal testing believeRead MoreEssay on Animal T esting in the Research Field1416 Words   |  6 PagesAnimal research, or animal testing, is the use of animals in scientific researches to study and develop drugs for the life-taking diseases that human beings contract. It has been practiced for hundreds of years. Animal testing helps produced many vaccines and other drugs, like penicillin, and thus, save many human lives. On the other hand, animal testing also causes pain and kills a lot of animals used during the researches that many people oppose this practice. Supporters show their support, whileRead More Animal Testing Essay572 Words   |  3 PagesAnimal Testing Speaking Outline: Animal Testing Specific Purpose: To persuade my audience about the three major ways of how scientific experiments on animal is inhumane. Introduction I. Put yourself into an animal’s position. Imagine that you are being poked and probed by needles for the benefits of humans. II. Animals are being abuse more and more everyday in scientific experiments. III. I have pets and I’m against animal testing, so knowing that animals are used in research is appalling. IVRead MoreAnimal Testing: A True Ethical Dilemma Essay1622 Words   |  7 Pageslaboratory animal. Animal testing is the use of animals for scientific research purposes and experiments. It can be used for the findings of cures and medicines to testing new drugs, to understanding the behavioral psychology of the animals themselves. â€Å"Around fifty to one hundred million vertebrate animals, ranging from fish to primates, are used in experiments each year† (Lloyd). There are many different terms used to describe the research on animals but two main ideas. In vivo research is where

Collaboration of PSfs with Business Partners-Samples for Students

Question: Critically analyze the risks and benefits associated with the collaboration of Professional Service Firms with business partners. Answer: Introduction The full form of PSF is Professional Service Firm. Professional service firms can be defined as those organizations which sell knowledge or expertise that are not tangible, physical products. PSFs involve firms that operate in a range of sectors like financial, engineering and management consulting providers. The business of these firms is characterized by providing intensive knowledge and customized services that are interactively designed and delivered by the PSFs. Considering the fact that PSFs have a different type of business strategy, these firms have different requirement and often faces different types of challenges. Several Professional service firms are now operating in a confounding and uncertain environment where the competition is much stronger. In order to cope up this highly competitive and turbulent environment, the professional service organizations are collaborating with external parties that include consumers and suppliers. This collaboration is crucial for the PSF s in order to provide high quality service to the consumers and thus strengthen and maintain their competitiveness in the global market. It is really crucial for PSFs to successfully collaborate with their business partner due to their dependency on the business partners for successfully developing and delivering services. Along with that, this collaboration is also important for the high-contact and customized characteristics of the services offered by PSFs. Some of the mention worthy examples of business to business (B2B) PSFs that have successfully gained market value by leveraging the knowledge and resources of their business partners are Accenture, IBM and Deloitte (Heirati et al., 2016). While a good amount of information is available about B2B marketing of PSFs associated with their collaboration with business partners, very limited amount of information is available when it comes to collaboration of PSFs with their suppliers and consumers under various environmental conditions. In this report, detailed discussion about the benefits and risks of PSFs while executing collaboration with consumers and suppliers ha ve been discussed. Apart from this, this report also contains the managerial implications of the PSFs in order to establish a successful collaboration with their consumers and suppliers. Discussion Benefits of collaboration with suppliers and customer for the PSF In order to enhance the quality of the services provided and hence the overall revenue, the PSFs engage with independent partners like suppliers and consumers in order to jointly develop and deliver professional services. Some of the benefits of the above mentioned collaborations with suppliers and consumers are discussed below Benefits of collaboration with the suppliers The collaboration of the PSFs with the suppliers for new products or service development ranges from simple consultation about various ideas to full responsibility of the suppliers for designing the system, components, services and processes. One of the major benefits of this collaboration is that this collaboration enables a supplier and a PSF to integrate and combine their capabilities and resources so that the final service delivered to the consumer can be highly satisfactory. The collaboration between PSFs and suppliers allows the former to develop high quality services and enhance the resource synergy across the firms by importing best practices from the suppliers and complementing the PSFs own resource with that of the suppliers. Suppliers play a major role in providing complementary services to the PSFs. Complimentary services can be considered as a major requirement for development of superior services by the PSFs since several PSFS do not poses the required processes and resources that are required to provide effective services to the consumers (Sarrami-Foroushani et al., 2014). Thus it can be clearly understood that collaboration between the PSFs and the suppliers is highly advantageous since it can be considered as the origin of the knowledge and complementary resources that not only enhance the flexibility and efficiency of PSFs but also ensure customer satisfaction by providing superior services. Another major advantage of the above mentioned collaboration is that usage of the expertise and knowledge of the suppliers in order to complement the internal capabilities can effectively reduce the concept to consumer cycle costs, time and quality issues along with improving the overall design effort (Heirati et al., 2016). Hence in can be concluded from the above discussion that collaboration with the suppliers can be highly beneficial for the PSFs since it not only enhances the capacity of the PSFs to assess greater level of diverse resources but also enhances their capabilities to meet the needs of the consumers effectively as well as drive a service performance. Benefits of collaborating with Consumers According to researchers, PSFs must collaborate with consumers to effectively understand specific needs of the consumers and create services that can efficiently fulfill the requirements (Halinen Jaakkola, 2012). With the help of effective collaboration with the consumers, both the PSFs and consumers can work together to develop customized services and products. According to recent studies associated with service marketing, consumers are not just passive service receivers but they play a major role in creation and deliverance of services. Therefore, it can be clearly understood that PSFs should facilitate consumer collaboration to encourage the consumers to take active role in the developing the services. Another benefit of collaboration of PSFs with the consumers is that effective collaboration can make a firm work more diligently by using its own sources of knowledge in order to address the requirements of the consumers. While PSFs have the urge to collaborate with their consumers in order to enhance their quality of services, consumers are also found to be interested in active collaboration. The main reason behind this is the desire of consumer to gain more control over the attributes and performance of the Professional Service Firms. Thus it can be clearly understood that collaboration of PSFs with the consumers is not only beneficial for PSFs but it also represents a mechanism that allows consumers to customize the attributes and configurations of the service by interacting with PSFs (Sarrami-Foroushani et al., 2014). Thus consumer collaboration can be seen as a key mechanism to satisfy the consumers along with developing services that can efficiently solve various service relate d issues of the consumers. Another added advantage of PSF-Consumer collaboration is a formation of strong and positive relationship between consumers and the service firms. Building strong relationship not only helps the PSFs to enhance the consumer loyalty and the brand equity, it also proves to be beneficial for the consumers since a positive relationship with the PSFs allows them to access PSFs help whenever required. In the highly competitive market of today, when the numbers of competitors are increasing each day, it has become more difficult for the consumers to decide which Professional Service Firm they want a service from. Thus building closer relationship with the consumers helps the PSFs to retain their consumers and prevent them from switching to another service firm. Thus it can be clearly understood that one of the chief target of PSFs is to develop trust in the minds of the consumers. This trust in turn, helps the service firms to gain confidential knowledge from the consumer that provide guidan ce to the PSFs to address its unmet requirements. Considering the fact that the consumers are the best source of information when it comes to customer requirements, PSF-Consumer collaboration not only ensures detailed and specific knowledge about the consumers requirements but also act as a crucial source of new and innovative ideas. Apart from these two benefits, the collaboration between PSFs and consumers helps in minimizing design errors along with ensuring a service solutions functionality and attributes to effectively meet the requirements of the consumers. Finally it can be concluded that an effective collaboration between the consumers and the PFS enhances the capability of the later to identify consumer requirements, minimize design errors and customize service attributes which in turn enhances the quality of services provided by the PSFs. Risks associated with such collaboration under conditions of intense competition and turbulent environment It has been found that, though collaboration with the suppliers and stakeholders has several advantages for the PSFs, a good number of risks have been encountered due to this collaboration under the condition of turbulent environment and intense competition (Huovinen, Haugblle Oostra, 2017). In this report, several negative effects of establishing collaboration with the suppliers and consumers on competitive intensity and environmental turbulence have been discussed bellow. Negative effects of Competitive intensity on the collaboration between PSFs and the suppliers and consumers According to contingency theory, environmental factors like competitive intensity can turn the bright side of PSFs collaboration with the consumers and suppliers into a dark side. Considering the fact that the degree of competition in the market has increased hugely, consumers are developing the tendency to switch services by comparing which professional service firms are providing them with superior services at equal amount of price. Hence it is very crucial for PSFs to gain competitive knowledge and develop resources to provide superior services to the consumer. However, PSFs face difficulties to gain access to the necessary recourses that are required to develop and successfully commercialize imitation. Besides that, successfully developing a innovation also requires a high financial background. Thus, in order to reduce the cost of innovation while availing the advantages of marketing knowledge, several PSFs have developed the tendency of imitating their competitors. The collabora tion of PSFs and Suppliers has enhanced the risk of imitation. This risk of imitation is more in service contexts since there are no patent rights and barriers that can prevent imitation of new offerings to the consumers. Considering the fact that a single supplier can work with several PSFs, the system of collaborating with the suppliers acts as transfer mechanism of knowledge. Thus, collaborating with a supplier helps PSFs to gain complementary knowledge without internal cost development. Besides that, during the collaboration, suppliers develop overlapping knowledge which in turn enhances their ability to provide effective services to the consumers. Thus there is a high risk that suppliers may turn to competitors after they have gathered enough knowledge to start their own business. However no potential risks are found in establishing collaboration with the consumers. Moreover, collaboration with the consumers helps the PSFs to develop competitive knowledge and thus cope up with the increasing competition in the market. Negative effects of environmental turbulence on the collaboration between PSFs and the suppliers Environmental turbulence can be defined as the frequency and degree of technological changes in the business environment of the PSFs. The major sources of these changes are instability and speed of changes in the requirements of the consumers along with highly variable market changes. The origin of technological changes is instability and rapid changes in market technology due to technological innovations. These rapidly changing technologies often make the PSFs less competitive in the market by cannibalizing their services. Thus it can be understood that in order to gain market advantages in the turbulent environments, PSFs needs to modify their services in order to address changing preferences of the consumers. It has been found that, in order to cope up with the highly turbulent environment, the managers of Professional Service Firms often favor quick results (Heirati et al., 2016). However, several PSFs are there which are more oriented towards the long term view by implementing i nvestment strategies along with financial assets. They also invest their time to establish effective collaboration with their business partners. However studies have found that a majority of PSFs seeks quick results from the collaboration with the suppliers which in turn enhance the environmental turbulence. There are three major reasons behind the tendency of service firms to seek quick results. The first reason behind this I the lack of patients to allow the collaboration to flourish. As a result PSFs have the tendency to treat the interfirm collaboration merely like a one-off business transaction. Secondly, due to constant pressure that originates from high environmental turbulence, PSFs often are not being able to wait for a prolonged amount of time waiting for their collaboration with the suppliers to reach the optimum level. Thirdly, due to increasing environmental turbulence, PSFs are becoming doubtful about the abilities of the suppliers to fill the gap caused by the environmental turbulence. Managements of PSFs are not sure that suppliers will be able to handle the changes in technologies and core knowledge that is needed to meet the requirements of the consumers. Several cases are there where service firms have terminated their collaboration with their existing suppliers and sw itched to a new supplier who posses appropriate technological competencies. This opportunistic behavior of PSFs are imposing negative impact on the commitment of the suppliers along with their intention of sharing crucial information and effort to stand by the PSFs in achieving the target of effectively satisfy the consumers. From the above discussion it can be clearly understood that environmental turbulence is making the relation between the consumers and the PSFs too short turn to develop a positive relationship between them. Due to the development of short term relationship, both the PSFs and the Suppliers are developing tendencies to exploit each other. The suppliers are not paying less attention to the outcome of the service and the satisfaction of the consumers. This in turn is imposing negative impact o the business of both the PSFs and suppliers as they are not able to satisfy the consumers. Negative effects of environmental turbulence on the collaboration between PSFs and the consumers In spite of the fact that collaboration with the consumers helps the PSFs to gain complementary knowledge and understand the changes in the market, one of the negative impact of consumer collaboration is that is highly time consuming. Due to high environmental turbulence, PSFs often found it difficulties to invest time for proper interaction, exchange of crucial information and effecting learning about the requirements of the consumers. Often it is seen that, in order to save their time, PSFs uses unproven solution processes and technologies in order to develop faster services. These services are often found to be of low quality and are not able to meet the requirements of the suppliers. This lack of perfection and time investment also imposes a negative impact on the relationship between the consumers and PSFs. Consumers are getting de-motivated to collaborate with the PSFs and hence are getting less interested to share valuable information and dialogues that provides appropriate instruction about their collaboration requirements (Sarrami-Foroushani et al., 2014). This in turn is negatively affecting the business of the PSFs since they are not able to gain complimentary and confidential knowledge from the consumers. Lack of knowledge is lowering the efficiency of the PSFs to create products that are highly satisfactory and all these are resulting in consumer attrition. Furthermore, the fact that consumers want quick changes but themselves remain confused about how to adapt this changes, may affect the business of PSFs in a negative way in a market of environmental turbulence. Under such conditions, it is collaboration with the consumers may confuse the PSFs and henc e can diminish their quality of services. Conclusion Considering the facts that PSFs are suffering from a lot of issues associated with their collaboration with the suppliers and the consumers, several managerial implication that can effectively eradicate the issues are being discussed in the report. Two crucial implications for the managers can be suggested in order to implement an effective collaboration between PSFs and business partners. Firstly, in order to cope up highly turbulent market, PSF should put more emphasis to establish a better PSF-supplier relationship. Necessary Knowledge should be shared with the suppliers so that suppliers can provide a better service. Along with that PSF managers should stop putting pressure on the suppliers to produce quick result in order to satisfy their own consumers. Managers are advised to leverage mechanisms like commitment promotion through economic and rational tools. Secondly, managers are advised to establish a strong collaboration with the consumers in order to cope with highly turbulent and competitive market. Although the pressure from environmental turbulence may force the managers of PSFs to use the practices from previous projects to save time, developing service without updated knowledge and practices can make the service obsolete and less effective. Thus in order to gain competitive advantages in the market, PSFs should invest their time to effectively collaborate with the consumer and gather complementary knowledge for understanding the latest requirements of the consumers. In spite of the fact that all the managers of business firms are advised to maintain a strong collaboration with their consumers, this factor is highly crucial for B2B professional service providers. The complex issues of business consumers should be handled effectively in order to build their trust on the organization. This will not only ensure consumer loyalty but will also help the PSFs to gain advantages in the turbulent and highly competitive market. Reference list Halinen, A., Jaakkola, E. (2012). Marketing in professional services firms: turning expertise into customer perceived value.Handbook of Research on Entrepreneurship in Professional Services,219. Retrieved from https://books.google.co.in/books?hl=enlr=id=SIHOPPWxCkECoi=fndpg=PA219dq=Halinen,+A.,+%26+Jaakkola,+E.+(2012).+Marketing+in+professional+services+firms:+turning+expertise+into+customer+perceived+valueots=Az7npm1QY4sig=NofzIYNPiTvhbSjrTos7KX9quJw#v=onepageqf=false Heirati, N., O'Cass, A., Schoefer, K., Siahtiri, V. (2016). Do professional service firms benefit from customer and supplier collaborations in competitive, turbulent environments?.Industrial Marketing Management,55, 50-58. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Aron_OCass/publication/284189960_Do_professional_service_firms_benefit_from_customer_and_supplier_collaborations_in_competitive_turbulent_environments/links/57329d9f08ae9ace8404825d.pdf Huovinen, P., Haugblle, K., Oostra, M. (2017). Shaping client-driven business management concepts for modern construction markets.WELCOME TO DELEGATES IRC 2017, 830. Retrieved from https://usir.salford.ac.uk/44058/7/IRC2017_Proceedings_12102017_optimised.pdf#page=831 Sarrami-Foroushani, P., Travaglia, J., Debono, D., Braithwaite, J. (2014). Key concepts in consumer and community engagement: a scoping meta-review.BMC health services research,14(1), 250. Retrieved from https://bmchealthservres.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1472-6963-14-250